If you type an incomplete command and press Enter, R will display a + prompt, which means R is waiting for you to type the rest of your command.
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R is a dynamic programming language, which means R automatically interprets your code as you run it. If you’ve programmed in such a language before, you may wonder whether you have to compile your R code before you can use it. In some languages, like C, Java, and FORTRAN, you have to compile your human-readable code into machine-readable code (often 1s and 0s) before you can run it. You can mostly ignore the numbers that appear in brackets: > 100:130 These numbers just mean that the second line begins with the 14th value in the result, and the third line begins with the 25th value. Notice that new bracketed numbers appear at the start of the second and third lines of output. For example, the command 100:130 returns 31 values it creates a sequence of integers from 100 to 130. Some commands return more than one value, and their results may fill up multiple lines. R is just letting you know that this line begins with the first value in your result. You’ll notice that a appears next to your result. For example, if you type 1 + 1 and hit Enter, RStudio will display: > 1 + 1 Then RStudio displays a fresh prompt for your next command. When you type a command at the prompt and hit Enter, your computer executes the command and shows you the results. The line you type it into is called the command line. The code you type is called a command, because it will command your computer to do something for you. You type R code into the bottom line of the RStudio console pane and then click Enter to run it.
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The appendix will give you an overview of the two free tools and tell you how to download them. If you do not yet have R and RStudio intalled on your computer–or do not know what I am talking about–visit Appendix A.
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